[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":316},["ShallowReactive",2],{"news-industry-ocean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024-en":3},{"status":4,"page":5,"source":307,"queryTrace":308},"ok",{"id":6,"title":7,"_id":8,"author":8,"body":9,"category":291,"cover":52,"date":292,"description":293,"excerpt":8,"extension":294,"featured":295,"image":8,"meta":296,"navigation":298,"path":299,"seo":300,"stem":301,"tags":302,"__hash__":306},"content_en\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024.md","Introduction to Container Shipping Freight Structure and Surcharges",null,{"type":10,"value":11,"toc":284},"minimark",[12,20,25,32,39,46,53,57,60,65,106,112,116,145,149,187,193,197,215,219,233,237],[13,14,15,19],"p",{},[16,17,18],"strong",{},"Introduction",": Export customers are often confused by various fee items during ocean freight inquiries. This article summarizes the export ocean freight structure (container liner) and currently common ocean freight surcharges to help everyone better understand each fee. (The full text is approximately 2,890 words and takes about 10 minutes to read)",[21,22,24],"h3",{"id":23},"part-i-ocean-freight-structure-container-liner","Part I: Ocean Freight Structure (Container Liner)",[13,26,27,28,31],{},"The first part of ocean freight is the ",[16,29,30],{},"Basic Ocean Freight",", generally quoted in US dollars per container type. Basic Ocean Freight (O\u002FF) is the most significant part of shipping costs. Compared to relatively fixed port local charges, O\u002FF fluctuates significantly; prices for the same port of loading\u002Fdischarge may adjust weekly. Under FOB terms, the basic ocean freight is paid by the overseas importer; under CIF terms, it is paid by the exporter.",[13,33,34,35,38],{},"The second part consists of various ",[16,36,37],{},"Ocean Surcharges or Additionals",", generally quoted in USD. Due to various reasons related to ships, cargo, ports, etc., carriers may incur increased expenses or economic losses. To compensate for these, surcharges are added on top of the basic freight. Under CIF terms, surcharges are generally borne by the shipper, but some are collected by default, requiring prior coordination with the consignee and booking agent.",[13,40,41,42,45],{},"The third part includes various ",[16,43,44],{},"Port Surcharges"," (local charges) at the port of loading, generally quoted in RMB. These typically include document\u002Ffile fees, Terminal Handling Charges (THC), information fees, seal fees, station fees, port charges, drayage fees, security fees, equipment fees, manifest fees, and VGM declaration fees, etc.",[13,47,48],{},[49,50],"img",{"alt":51,"src":52},"Ocean Freight Structure","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage1.jpg",[21,54,56],{"id":55},"part-ii-introduction-to-ocean-surcharges","Part II: Introduction to Ocean Surcharges",[13,58,59],{},"This section outlines common container liner surcharges. These vary by port and carrier, so coordination with agents is necessary during booking.",[61,62,64],"h4",{"id":63},"surcharges-related-to-fuel-price-fluctuations","Surcharges Related to Fuel Price Fluctuations:",[66,67,68,79,88,97],"ul",{},[69,70,71,78],"li",{},[16,72,73,74],{},"BAF ",[75,76,77],"span",{},"Bunker Adjustment Factor","\nIn international shipping, vessels use large amounts of fuel. Due to oil price fluctuations, carriers charge a BAF based on actual fuel costs. Note that BAF may adjust frequently as oil prices change daily.",[69,80,81,87],{},[16,82,83,84],{},"FAF ",[75,85,86],{},"Fuel Adjustment Factor","\nGenerally used for Japan routes, similar to BAF but with a different name.",[69,89,90,96],{},[16,91,92,93],{},"EBS ",[75,94,95],{},"Emergency Bunker Surcharge","\nAn emergency surcharge added when international crude oil prices rise beyond carriers' expectations, typically during periods when basic freight cannot be increased. EBS is added on top of BAF\u002FFAF.",[69,98,99,105],{},[16,100,101,102],{},"LSS ",[75,103,104],{},"Low Sulphur Fuel Surcharge","\nIntroduced to support energy-saving and emission-reduction policies. Since January 1, 2015, vessels must use fuel with a sulfur content not exceeding 0.1% m\u002Fm. Carriers charge LSS to cover the resulting increased costs.",[13,107,108],{},[49,109],{"alt":110,"src":111},"Shipping Energy Saving","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage2.jpg",[61,113,115],{"id":114},"surcharges-related-to-exchange-rate-fluctuations","Surcharges Related to Exchange Rate Fluctuations:",[66,117,118,127,136],{},[69,119,120,126],{},[16,121,122,123],{},"CAF ",[75,124,125],{},"Currency Adjustment Factor"," (Non-Japan routes)",[69,128,129,135],{},[16,130,131,132],{},"YAS ",[75,133,134],{},"Yen Appreciation Surcharge"," (Specific to Japan routes)",[69,137,138,144],{},[16,139,140,141],{},"CRC ",[75,142,143],{},"Currency Recovery Charges"," (Specific to Korea routes)",[61,146,148],{"id":147},"surcharges-related-to-destination-manifest-entry","Surcharges Related to Destination Manifest Entry:",[66,150,151,160,169,178],{},[69,152,153,159],{},[16,154,155,156],{},"AMS ",[75,157,158],{},"Automatic Manifest System"," (Specific to the US)",[69,161,162,168],{},[16,163,164,165],{},"ACI ",[75,166,167],{},"Advance Commercial Information"," (Specific to Canada)",[69,170,171,177],{},[16,172,173,174],{},"AFR ",[75,175,176],{},"Advance Filing Rules"," (Specific to Japan)",[69,179,180,186],{},[16,181,182,183],{},"ENS ",[75,184,185],{},"Entry Summary Declaration"," (European Union rule)",[13,188,189],{},[49,190],{"alt":191,"src":192},"Manifest Entry Fee","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage3.jpg",[61,194,196],{"id":195},"surcharges-related-to-canals","Surcharges Related to Canals:",[66,198,199,207],{},[69,200,201],{},[16,202,203,204],{},"SCS ",[75,205,206],{},"Suez Canal Surcharge",[69,208,209],{},[16,210,211,212],{},"PTF ",[75,213,214],{},"Panama Canal Transit Fee",[61,216,218],{"id":217},"surcharges-related-to-cargo-weightdimensions","Surcharges Related to Cargo Weight\u002FDimensions:",[66,220,221,227],{},[69,222,223,226],{},[16,224,225],{},"HLA (Heavy-Lift Additional)",": Charged when single items exceed a certain weight, requiring special equipment or handling.",[69,228,229,232],{},[16,230,231],{},"LLA (Long Length Additional)",": Charged when single items exceed a certain length (generally over 9 meters, or over 6 meters for container cargo).",[61,234,236],{"id":235},"other-surcharges","Other Surcharges:",[66,238,239,248,257,266,275],{},[69,240,241,247],{},[16,242,243,244],{},"CIC ",[75,245,246],{},"Container Imbalance Charge",": To compensate for the cost of repositioning empty containers due to trade imbalances.",[69,249,250,256],{},[16,251,252,253],{},"ECRS ",[75,254,255],{},"Emergency Cost Recovery Surcharge",": For significant increases in operating costs, such as due to severe weather.",[69,258,259,265],{},[16,260,261,262],{},"PCS ",[75,263,264],{},"Port Congestion Surcharge",": Charged when port congestion leads to increased vessel waiting times and costs.",[69,267,268,274],{},[16,269,270,271],{},"PSS ",[75,272,273],{},"Peak Season Surcharge",": Charged during busy peak seasons.",[69,276,277,283],{},[16,278,279,280],{},"GRI ",[75,281,282],{},"General Rate Increase",": General rate increase typically used for South American and US routes.",{"title":285,"searchDepth":286,"depth":286,"links":287},"",2,[288,290],{"id":23,"depth":289,"text":24},3,{"id":55,"depth":289,"text":56},"industry","2024-11-11","Export customers are often confused by various fee items during freight inquiries. This article summarizes the export ocean freight structure (container liner) and common surcharges to help you better understand each fee.","md",false,{"slug":297},"ocean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",true,"\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",{"title":7,"description":293},"news\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",[303,304,305],"Shipping Freight","Surcharges","Logistics Costs","PylqOkaia32jPUKCHsUexcDNLxyecYdSjIalXQHjaJs","content_en",[309,313],{"step":310,"collection":307,"condition":311,"matched":295,"elapsedMs":312},1,"stem = en\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",50,{"step":286,"collection":307,"condition":314,"matched":298,"elapsedMs":315},"stem = news\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",55,1789371727984]