[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":331},["ShallowReactive",2],{"news-industry-ocean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024-zh":3},{"status":4,"page":5,"source":322,"queryTrace":323},"ok",{"id":6,"title":7,"_id":8,"author":8,"body":9,"category":306,"cover":52,"date":307,"description":308,"excerpt":8,"extension":309,"featured":310,"image":8,"meta":311,"navigation":313,"path":314,"seo":315,"stem":316,"tags":317,"__hash__":321},"content_zh\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024.md","集装箱班轮海运费用构成及各项海运附加费介绍",null,{"type":10,"value":11,"toc":299},"minimark",[12,20,25,32,39,46,53,57,60,65,109,115,119,151,155,195,201,205,225,229,243,247],[13,14,15,19],"p",{},[16,17,18],"strong",{},"导引","：出口客户在海运费询价时，经常会被各种各样的费用名目弄得一头雾水。今天的小文章帮大家汇总梳理一下出口海运费用构成（集装箱班轮）及目前常见的各项海运附加费，希望能够帮助大家更好的理解各项费用。（以下全文 2890 字，阅读大约需要 10 分钟）",[21,22,24],"h3",{"id":23},"第一部分-海运费用构成集装箱班轮","第一部分 海运费用构成（集装箱班轮）",[13,26,27,28,31],{},"海运费用中首先是",[16,29,30],{},"基本海运费 Basic Ocean Freight","，一般按集装箱箱型以美元报价。基本海运费（O\u002FF）是海运费用中最主要的费用。相对于比较固定的港口杂费，O\u002FF 的变动幅度会比较大，同一个起运港\u002F目的港，每周价格可能都会有所调整。在出口 FOB 术语下，基本海运费由国外进口方支付；CIF 术语下，基本海运费由出口方支付。",[13,33,34,35,38],{},"海运费用中第二部分就是各类",[16,36,37],{},"海运附加费 Surcharge 或 Additional","，一般以美元报价。由于船舶、货物、港口及其它方面的种种原因，使得船方在运输货物时增加费用开支或蒙受经济损失，船方为补偿这些开支或损失，在基本海运费之上额外加收的费用就是海运附加费。海运附加费在 CIF 术语下一般由发货人承担，但也有一些附加费是默认到付，这个需要提前和收货人、订舱代理沟通好。",[13,40,41,42,45],{},"海运费用中第三部分就是起运港的各项",[16,43,44],{},"杂费 Port Surcharge","，也称本地费用 local charge，一般以人民币报价。一般包括船公司单证\u002F文件费、起运港码头操作费（THC）、信息费、铅封费、场站费、港杂、提箱费、安保费、设备费、舱单费、VGM 申报费等，船公司不同各项杂费略有不同。",[13,47,48],{},[49,50],"img",{"alt":51,"src":52},"海运费用构成","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage1.jpg",[21,54,56],{"id":55},"第二部分-海运附加费介绍","第二部分 海运附加费介绍",[13,58,59],{},"第二部分是我们梳理的目前常见的集装箱班轮各项海运附加费，由于起运港\u002F目的港不同，各船公司的海运附加费会有差异，出口订舱时需要和代理沟通好。",[61,62,64],"h4",{"id":63},"与燃油价格波动相关的附加费","与燃油价格波动相关的附加费：",[66,67,68,80,89,99],"ul",{},[69,70,71,79],"li",{},[16,72,73,74,78],{},"BAF ",[75,76,77],"span",{},"Bunker Adjustment Factor"," 燃油附加费","\n在国际航运中，运输船舶通常需要使用大量的燃油来推动其运行。由于石油价格的波动，运输船舶的燃油成本也会随之变化。因此，承运人往往会根据实际燃油成本向货主收取一定的燃油附加费。需要注意的是，由于燃油价格每天都在变动，因此燃油附加费也可能会频繁调整。",[69,81,82,88],{},[16,83,84,85,78],{},"FAF ",[75,86,87],{},"Fuel Adjustment Factor","\n一般用于日本航线，这个附加费与上面的燃油附加费类似，本质上一样，不同的叫法而已。",[69,90,91,98],{},[16,92,93,94,97],{},"EBS ",[75,95,96],{},"Emergency Bunker Surcharge"," 紧急燃油附加费","\n一般是因为国际原油价格不断攀升，超过了船东们的承受能力，所以船东们在行情比较淡无法增加海运费的情况下，为了减少成本损失，而增加的费用。EBS 是在燃油附加费 (BAF\u002FFAF) 基础上加收的。",[69,100,101,108],{},[16,102,103,104,107],{},"LSS ",[75,105,106],{},"Low Sulphur Fuel Surcharge"," 低硫附加费","\n为支持节能减排政策而推出的费用。自 2015 年 1 月 1 日起，船舶需使用硫含量不超过 0.1%m\u002Fm 的燃油，为了应对这一政策带来的成本增加，航运公司开始征收 LSS。",[13,110,111],{},[49,112],{"alt":113,"src":114},"航运节能减排","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage2.jpg",[61,116,118],{"id":117},"与汇率波动相关的附加费","与汇率波动相关的附加费：",[66,120,121,131,141],{},[69,122,123,130],{},[16,124,125,126,129],{},"CAF ",[75,127,128],{},"Currency Adjustment Factor"," 货币贬值附加费","（非日本线）",[69,132,133,140],{},[16,134,135,136,139],{},"YAS ",[75,137,138],{},"Yen Appreciation Surcharge"," 日元升值附加费","（日本航线专用）",[69,142,143,150],{},[16,144,145,146,149],{},"CRC ",[75,147,148],{},"Currency Recovery Charges"," 币值换算附加费","（韩国航线附加费）",[61,152,154],{"id":153},"与目的港舱单录入相关的附加费","与目的港舱单录入相关的附加费：",[66,156,157,167,176,186],{},[69,158,159,166],{},[16,160,161,162,165],{},"AMS ",[75,163,164],{},"Automatic Manifest System"," 自动舱单系统录入费","（美国特有）",[69,168,169,175],{},[16,170,171,172,165],{},"ACI ",[75,173,174],{},"Advance Commercial Information","（加拿大特有）",[69,177,178,185],{},[16,179,180,181,184],{},"AFR ",[75,182,183],{},"Advance Filing Rules"," 舱单提前录入费","（日本海关规定）",[69,187,188],{},[16,189,190,191,194],{},"ENS ",[75,192,193],{},"Entry Summary Declaration"," 欧洲海关提前舱单规则",[13,196,197],{},[49,198],{"alt":199,"src":200},"舱单录入费","\u002Fimages-optimized\u002Fnews\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024\u002Fimage3.jpg",[61,202,204],{"id":203},"与运河相关的附加费","与运河相关的附加费：",[66,206,207,216],{},[69,208,209],{},[16,210,211,212,215],{},"SCS ",[75,213,214],{},"Suez Canal Surcharge"," 苏伊士运河附加费",[69,217,218],{},[16,219,220,221,224],{},"PTF ",[75,222,223],{},"Panama Canal Transit Fee"," 巴拿马运河附加费",[61,226,228],{"id":227},"与货物重量尺寸相关的附加费","与货物重量\u002F尺寸相关的附加费：",[66,230,231,237],{},[69,232,233,236],{},[16,234,235],{},"HLA 超重附加费 (Heavy-Lift Additional)","：指单件货物的重量超过了一定的标准，需要特殊设备或特殊操作。",[69,238,239,242],{},[16,240,241],{},"LLA 超长附加费 (Long Length Additional)","：指单件货物的长度超过了一定的标准（一般为超过 9 米，集装箱货物一般规定大于 6 米）。",[61,244,246],{"id":245},"其他各项附加费","其他各项附加费：",[66,248,249,259,269,279,289],{},[69,250,251,258],{},[16,252,253,254,257],{},"CIC ",[75,255,256],{},"Container Imbalance Charge"," 集装箱不平衡附加费","：由于贸易量不平衡导致船公司调运空箱的成本。",[69,260,261,268],{},[16,262,263,264,267],{},"ECRS ",[75,265,266],{},"Emergency Cost Recovery Surcharge"," 紧急成本附加费","：如恶劣天气导致操作成本显著增加。",[69,270,271,278],{},[16,272,273,274,277],{},"PCS ",[75,275,276],{},"Port Congestion Surcharge"," 港口拥堵附加费","：港口拥挤导致船舶等待时间和费用增加。",[69,280,281,288],{},[16,282,283,284,287],{},"PSS ",[75,285,286],{},"Peak Season Surcharge"," 旺季附加费","：货运繁忙时期收取的费用。",[69,290,291,298],{},[16,292,293,294,297],{},"GRI ",[75,295,296],{},"General Rate Increase"," 综合费率上涨附加费","：常见于南美、美国航线。",{"title":300,"searchDepth":301,"depth":301,"links":302},"",2,[303,305],{"id":23,"depth":304,"text":24},3,{"id":55,"depth":304,"text":56},"industry","2024-11-11","出口客户在海运费询价时，经常会被各种各样的费用名目弄得一头雾水。今天的小文章帮大家汇总梳理一下出口海运费用构成（集装箱班轮）及目前常见的各项海运附加费，希望能够帮助大家更好地理解各项费用。","md",false,{"slug":312},"ocean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",true,"\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",{"title":7,"description":308},"news\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",[318,319,320],"海运费用","附加费","物流成本","xBL1mikQxhOok-Ial1DRtBdXCbHNk3AJ60sHvjwhFCY","content_zh",[324,328],{"step":325,"collection":322,"condition":326,"matched":310,"elapsedMs":327},1,"stem = zh\u002Fnews\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",15,{"step":301,"collection":322,"condition":329,"matched":313,"elapsedMs":330},"stem = news\u002Findustry\u002Focean-freight-surcharges-guide-2024",43,1789371727066]